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Fly reel
Fly reel or fly casting reel is simple in terms of construction, not a lot has changed from the design patented by Charles F. Orvis in 1874. The fly reel in recent years has seen the development of better reels and drags for fighting larger fish. Fly reel are normally operated by stripping line off the reel with one hand, while casting the rod with the other hand. Early fly reels often had no drag at all, just a click/pawl mechanism meant to keep the reel overrunning from the spool. To slow a fish, the angler applied pressure to the rim of the spool. Later, the click/pawl mechanisms were modified to give a limited adjustable drag.
Modern fly reels are more sophisticated disc-type drag systems made of composite materials featuring increased adjustment range, consistency, and resistance to high temperatures from drag friction. These fly reels also feature large-arbor spools designed to reduce line memory, maintain consistent drag and assist the quick retrieval of slack line.
Multiplier fly reels were widely available for fast retrieval. These reels had a geared line retrieve of 2:1 or 3:1 that allowed faster retrieval of the fly line. However, their additional weight, complexity and expense did not justify the advantage of faster line retrieval in the eyes of many anglers. As a result, today they are rarely used.
Automatic fly reels use a coiled spring mechanism that pulls the line into the reel with the flick of a lever. Automatic reels tend to be heavy for their size, and have limited line capacity. They were once very popular in the southern United States, where they allowed the use of a free hand for sculling a paddle when fishing from a small boat for largemouth bass. Automatic fly reels peaked in popularity during the 1960s, and since that time they have been outsold many times over by manual fly reels.
Sea fly reels are designed specifically for use in an ocean environment. Sea fly reels are much larger in diameter than freshwater fly reels in order to provide a large line and backing capacity designed for the long runs of powerful ocean game fish. To stop corrosion, sea fly reels often use aerospace aluminum frames and spools, electroplated and/or stainless steel components, with sealed and waterproof bearing and drive mechanisms.
Bait casting reel
Bait casting reels are reels in which line is stored on a bearing supported revolving spool. The bait casting reel is mounted above the rod, hence its other name, the overhead reel. The bait casting reel dates from at least the mid-1600s, but came into wide use by amateur anglers during the 1870s. Early bait casting reels were often constructed with brass or iron gears, with casings and spools made of brass, German silver, or hard rubber. Early reels were often operated by inverting the reel and using back winding to retrieve line. For this reason, the reel crank handle was positioned on the right side of the reel. As a result, the right-hand crank position for bait casting reels has become customary over the years, though models with left-hand retrieve are now gaining in popularity. Many of today's bait casting reels are constructed using aluminum, stainless steel, and/or synthetic composite materials. They typically include a level-wind mechanism to prevent the line from being trapped under itself on the spool during rewind and interfering with subsequent casts. Many are also fitted with anti-reverse handles and drags designed to slow runs by large and powerful game fish. Because the momentum of the forward cast must rotate the spool as well as propel the lure, bait casting designs normally require heavier lures for proper operation than with other types of reels.
Spool tension on most modern bait casting reels can be adjusted with adjustable spool tension, a centrifugal brake, or a magnetic "cast control." This reduces spool overrun during a cast and the resultant line snare, known as backlash. Each time a lure of a different weight is attached, the cast control must be adjusted. The bait casting reel design will operate well with a wide variety of fishing lines, ranging from braided multifilament and heat-fused "superlines" to copolymer, fluorocarbon, and nylon monofilaments . Most bait casting reels can also easily be palmed or thumbed to increase the drag, set the hook, or to accurately halt the lure at a given point in the cast.
A variation of the bait casting reel is the big game reel. These are very large and robust fishing reels, designed and built for heavy saltwater species such as tuna, marlin, sailfish and sharks. Big game reels are not designed for casting, but used for trolling or fishing set baits and lures on the open ocean.
Bait casting reels are sometimes referred to as conventional reels in the U.S. They are known as multiplier reels in Europe, on account of their geared line retrieve (one turn of the handle resulting in multiple turns of the spool).
Spinning (fixed spool) reel
Reels utilizing a fixed spool were in use in North America as early as the 1870s. They were originally developed to allow the use of artificial flies, or other lures for trout or salmon, that were too light in weight to be easily cast by bait casting reels. Fixed spooled reels are normally mounted below the rod. Spinning reels also solved the problem of backlash, as they did not have a rotating spool to overrun and foul the line. The earliest fixed-spool reels turned the spool 90 degrees in the body of the reel for retrieval, and then reversed it back into casting position. In casting position, line was drawn off in coils from the end of the fixed, non-rotating spool.
In 1948, the Mitchell Reel Company of Cluses, France introduced the first modern commercially successful spinning reel, with a design that oriented the face of the spool forward in a permanently fixed position below the fishing rod. A mechanical line pickup was used to retrieve the cast line (eventually developed into a wire bail design), and an anti-reverse lever prevented the crank handle from rotating while a fish was pulling line from the spool. Because the line did not have to pull against a rotating spool, much lighter lures could be cast than with a bait casting reel. Conversely, halting the cast and stopping the lure at the desired position requires practice in learning to feather the line with the forefinger as it uncoils from the spool. Most spinning reels operate best with fairly limp, flexible fishing lines.
Though spinning reels do not suffer from backlash, the line can be trapped underneath itself on the spool or even detach from the reel in loose loops of line. Various oscillating spool mechanisms have been introduced over the years in an effort to resolve this problem. Spinning reels also have more problems with twisting of the fishing line. Line twist in spinning reels occurs from the spin of an attached lure, the action of the wire bail against the line when engaged by the crank handle, or even retrieval of line that is under load (spinning reel users normally pump the rod up and down, then retrieve the slack line to stop line twist and stress on internal components). Anglers who use a spinning reel also manually reposition the bail after each cast in order to minimize line twist.
Fixed Spool Reel Operation
Fixed spool reels are cast by opening the bail, grabing the line with the forefinger, and using a backward snap of the rod followed by a forward cast while releasing the line with the forefinger at the same time. On the retrieve, the large rotating wire cage or bail (either manually or trigger-operated) serves as the line pickup, restoring the line to its original position on the spool.
Spin cast reel
The origianal commercial spin cast reels were introduced by the Johnson Reel Company and ZEBCO in 1949. The spin cast reel is an attempt to resolve the problem of backlash found in bait cast designs, while reducing line twist and snare complaints sometimes encountered with traditional spinning reel designs. Just as with the spinning reel, the line is thrown from a fixed spool and can therefore be used with reasonably light lures and baits. The spin cast reel gets ridof the large wire bail and line roller of the spinning reel in favor of one or two simple pickup pins and a metal cup to wind the line on the spool. Traditionally mounted above the rod, the spin cast reel is also fitted with an external nose cone that encloses and protects the fixed spool.
Fixed spool, spin cast reels can cast lighter lures than bait cast reels, although friction of the nose cone against the unspooling line slightly reduces casting distance compared to spinning reels. Spin cast reels in most cases have narrow spools with less line capacity than either bait casting or spinning reels of equivalent size. This tends to reduce line snare issues. Other types of reels, spin cast reels are very often fitted with both anti-reverse crank levers and friction drags, many also have level-wind (oscillating spool) mechanisms. Spin cast reels operate best with limp monofilament lines, it has been known at least one spin cast reel manufacturer installs a thermally fused "superline" into one of its models as standard equipment.
Spin Cast Reel Operation
Pressing a button on the rear of the reel disengages the line pickup, and the button is then released during the forward cast to allow the line to fly off the spool. The button is pressed again to stop the lure at the position desired. Upon cranking the handle, the pickup pin immediately re-engages the line and spools it onto the reel.
Underspin reel
Underspin or Triggerspin reels are spin cast reels were the reel is mounted under a standard spinning rod. With the reel's weight suspended beneath the rod, underspin reels are generally more comfortable to cast and hold for long periods, and the ability to use all standard spinning rods increases its versatility compared to more traditional spin cast reels.
Underspin Reel Operation
A lever or trigger is grasped or rotated (usually by the forefinger) and this action suspends the line in place. During the forward cast, the lever/trigger is released, and the line flies off the fixed spool. When necessary, the lever can be activated once again to stop the lure at a given point in the cast.
Fly rods
Fly Fishing rods are normally thin, flexible fishing rods made to cast afly, into an area that attracts fish by copying the movement of a surface fly.The first fly rods were made of yew, greenhart, and then split bamboo(Tonkin cane), todays fly rods are made from man-made composite materials,including fiberglass, carbon/graphite,or graphite/boron composites.
A fly rod uses the weight of the fly line for casting, and lightweight rodsare capable of casting the very smallest and lightest fly. Typically, amonofilament segment called a "leader" is tied to the fly line on one end and the fly on the other.Rod sizes vary to the fish being targeted, the wind and water conditions and also to a particular weight of line: larger and heavier line sizes will cast heavier, larger flies. Fly rods come in a wide variety of line sizes, from size #0 rods for the smallest freshwater trout and panfish up to and including #16 rod for large saltwater gamefish.
Fly rods normally have a single, large-diameter line guide (a stripping guide), plus a number of smaller looped guides (snake guides) spaced down the rod to give control of thick fly line movement. To stop interference with casting movements, fly rods have minimal or no butt section extending below the fishing reel. An exception is the spey rod, it has an elongatedrear handle, is often used on large rivers for salmon, or saltwater surfcasting, using a two-handedcasting method.
Sea Rods
Sea Rods are made for use with fish from the sea. They are around 4 metres as an average, quite thick, and feature big and heavy tips, eyes, and handles. The most common type of Sea Rod is for Beachcasting and boat fishing. Plus also many variations of sea rod designed for eel , bass and the heaviest rod for Shark and marlin.
Spin casting rods
Spin casting rods are rods made to hold a spin casting reel, which are normally mounted above the handle . Spin casting rods also have smaller eyes and a forefinger grip trigger. Spinning reels are mainly used for dragging a lure back after casting to mimic the movement of small fish.
Carbon fibre pole
These high-tech poles are mainly used for coarse fishing in Europe, for accurate placement of baits in canals or lakes. The prices vary a lot depending on the quality of the fibre used which reflects the lightness, flexibility and reaction(strike speed).
Varying in length from 3 meters through to the longest at about 18.5 meters, and usually the longer the pole the more precise the construction must be, this adds to the cost.
Spinning rods.
Spinning rods are constructed from graphite or fiberglass with a cork or PVC foam handle, the length being between 1.5 - 2.6 m.
Usually spinning rods have 5-8 large-diameter guides running along the underside of the rod to help control the line. The eyes decrease in size from the handle to the tip, with the one nearest the handle normally much larger than the others to give less friction as the line comes off the reel. The spinning reel hangs beneath the rod rather than sitting on top, held in place with a sliding or locking reel seat. Spinning rods and reels are used in fishing for popular North American sport fish including bass, trout, pike and walleye. In the UK and European continent are pike, perch, eel and zander. Longer spinning rods with elongated grip handles for two-handing casting are frequently used for saltwater or steelhead and salmon fishing. Spinning rods are also widely used for trolling and still fishing with live bait.
Ultra-light rods.
Are rods used to fish for smaller species, they give more sport with larger fish, also enable fishing with lighter line and smaller lures.
Ultra-light spinning and casting rods are shorter and lighter, and more flexible than most rods. Tip actions vary from slow to fast, depending upon intended use. These rods usually carry 1 to 6 pound or 4.5 to 27 N test fishing line. Ultra-light rods are capable of casting lures as light as 1/64th of an ounce - typically small spinners, wet flies, crappie jigs, tubes, or bait such as trout worms. Ultra-light rods are produced to bring more excitement to the sport, ultra-light spin fishing is now widely used for trout, bass, bluegill and other types of panfish.
Ice Fishing rods.
These are typically very short spinning rods, varying between 24 and 36 inches in length, used to fish through holes in the cover ice of frozen lakes, rivers and ponds.
Surf rods
Surf casting rods resemble oversized spinning or bait casting rods with long grip handles intended for two-handed casting techniques. Generally between 10 to 14 feet (3 - 4 m) in length, surf casting rods need to be longer in order for the user cast the lure or bait beyond the breaking surf where fish tend to congregate, and sturdy enough to cast heavy weighted lures or bait needed to hold the bottom in rough water. They are almost always used in shore fishing (sea fishing from the shoreline) from the beach, rocks or other shore feature. Some surfcasters use powerful rods to cast up to six ounces or more of lead weight, artificial lures, and/or bait hundreds of feet.
Telescopic Rods.
Telescopic fishing rods are designed to collapse down and open to a full sixed rods, 20' or even 30' rods can close to as little as a 1.5'. This means the rods very easy to transport to on buses, store in cars, or simply store away.
Telescopic fishing rods are made from the same materials as conventio
